PWN GOLDEN MANDHELING
01 | Introduction to the production area
The main producing areas of Indonesian coffee are Sumatra, Java and Sulawesi. Among them, the most important coffee produced in Sumatra isMandhelingThe most famous.
Mandheling is also known as Sumatra coffee. Most of the coffee produced in North Sumatra is Gayo. The ateng variety at the northern end of Lake Tawar can be called Aceh coffee or Tawar lake coffee. The area between Lintong and Toba lake in South Sumatra can be called Mandheling. , Lindong area is the Mandheling production area , the best Mandheling varieties are four varieties: Sidikalang, Bergendar, Siborong borong and Telok Sanggul.
Lake Toba is located in the central part of North Sumatra Province. In 1888, the Dutch colonists moved "Java Mandheling" north to the Lake Toba area, creating the modern Mandheling legend.
Lake Tawa is located in the central part of the Aceh Special Administrative Region. It is located at the northern tip of Sumatra Island and is less than one-tenth the size of Lake Toba. However, in recent years, coffee quality and production have surpassed Lake Toba.
The Gayo Mountains are located in the Aceh production area in the northern province of Sumatra. Most of the coffee farmers working in Gayo are local farmers. The word Gayo comes from the tribes in the Aceh region of Indonesia. This area has ideal growing conditions, a long history and unique flavor. The area widely uses organic methods to grow coffee without the use of chemical fertilizers, and is considered the world's green coffee production area. Therefore, Gayo coffee is often called green coffee and Gayo organic coffee.
what isGolden MandhelingWhat?
Speaking of Golden Mandheling, we have to start with PWN. This abbreviation is often mixed with the name of Mandheling Coffee. It is actually the abbreviation of a company, Pwani Coffee Company.
This company is a very famous local coffee purchasing company in Indonesia. It mainly purchasesMandheling coffee, almost all the best producing areas in Indonesia have been acquired by it, so most of the beans produced by PWN Company are also unique and high-quality.
AndGolden MandhelingThis is the product produced by this company. After the raw beans are purchased, they undergo one machine selection and more than three manual hand selections to select plump and flawless beans. Only these beans that have been screened like a draft can be classified as golden Mandheling.
But PWN companyGolden MandhelingThe trademark has been registered, which means that only the gold Mandheling produced by PWN Company can be considered genuine in the future.Golden Mandheling. Many beans on the market that are not produced by PWN and carry the golden Mandheling brand should actually be called premium Mandheling.
Sold by FrontStreet CoffeeGolden Mandheling CoffeeThe beans are all from PWN Company. At Front Street offline stores, you can see the certification certificate issued by PWN, as well as the green bean buying bag with PWN logo printed on it.
02 | Processing methods
Wet Hulling, also known as Wet Hulling, also known as Giling Basah in the local language, is a traditional Indonesian coffee processing method. Judging from the names alone, wet planing and wet processing (washed processing) are very similar. However, the cupping flavors of these two processing methods are completely different. Coffee processed by wet planing is usually mellow and strong, with a very distinctive personality.
Wet planing process steps
①Remove the peel and pulp, keeping the parchment and mucous membrane
② Pool fermentation
③ Wash off the mucous membrane
④ Cover the parchment paper and dry it in the sun for 2-3 days until the moisture content is 20-24%
⑤ Peel off the parchment paper
⑥ Dry the green beans to a moisture content of 12-13%
⑦ Prepare for export
Why use wet planing?
a. Climatic reasons
Indonesia’s tradition of using wet planing begins with the local weather. Humidity in Indonesia ranges from 70-90% year-round, with constant typhoons. In some areas, annual rainfall can even reach as much as 2,000mm. You must know that green beans are most afraid of rain. How does Indonesia overcome such harsh weather conditions and produce rich and mellow Mandheling coffee? That is to rely on the wet planing method.
In tropical climates, coffee takes an average of 2-3 weeks to dry. In such a humid climate in Indonesia, drying coffee has become a big problem. Coffee must take longer to dry. During this time, the coffee still maintains a high humidity, which makes it easier for bacteria to infiltrate the green coffee beans.
In the ordinary washing process, the drying process is carried out with parchment paper to protect the green beans from external damage to a certain extent. However, we can note that the wet planing method will remove the parchment paper for the final step of drying. In this way, the sunlight will directly hit the surface of the green beans, making the green coffee beans dry quickly, which is 2-3 times faster than the washing process.
b. Economic benefits
Dutch colonists were the first to introduce coffee to Indonesia in the 17th century. These colonists pursued more and faster economic returns. The wet planing process greatly shortened the time spent on the farm and greatly reduced labor costs. This coincides with the mentality of investors who pursue quick profits and reduce costs. This is one of the reasons behind the push for wet planing.
c. Imperfections and kuku kambing (feat beans)
When the parchment paper is removed by the wet planing method, the moisture content of the coffee is still as high as 20-24%, while in the general processing method, the moisture content of the coffee drops to 10-12% before shelling. In a semi-dry state, the parchment paper will stick to the surface of the green beans. It is more difficult to remove the parchment paper than when it is completely dry, and the shelling process requires greater friction.
But on the other hand, semi-dry green coffee beans are very fragile at this time, and their hardness is far less than that of fully dry green beans, so the beans will be easily crushed and form small gaps. This is what we often call kuku kambing (locally known as kuku kambing).
The ultra-fast processing speed of the wet planing method also causes Mandheling to have higher defects. In the treatment plant, employees will be arranged to hand-select defects. Generally, there will be DP (second hand selection) and TP (third hand selection). The defect rate of Mandheling after three hand selections will be better than that of the second hand selection.
Low acidity comes from a shorter, less effective fermentation process and a longer drying time. If you forget about wet planing fermentation, go back and take a look. As for flavors like the earthiness of wet planed beans, opinions vary. Some people say that this is related to the bean species selected in the production areas related to the wet planing method (Tim series & Kadim series: with Rob blood). Some people say that this is the result of the organic interaction between raw beans and the outside world. Some even say that this is because there are too many defective beans.
03 | Green Bean Analysis
PWN Golden Mandheling Gold Mandheling Green Beans
FrontStreet Coffee – PWN Gold Mandheling Coffee Beans
Production area: Mount Gayoo, Aceh Province, Sumatra, Indonesia
Company: PWN Pwani Coffee Company
Altitude: 1100-1600m
Grade: G1 three times hand-selected
Treatment method: wet planing
Choose FrontStreet Coffee atBefore the second explosionThe beans are removed, retaining a bit of soft acidity.The taste is highly sweet, rich and mellow, and the flavor is: baked toast, pine wood, caramel, cocoa, and slightly herbal flavor.
In the specialty coffee system, Sumatra coffee is a wonderful existence. You see, the famous Mandheling is actually not the name of the production area, nor the name of the coffee bean species. Even the origin of its bean species is so complicated.
04 | Common coffee varieties in Indonesian production areas
Ateng
A cross between Arabica and Robusta, it has several subtypes and is widely grown in Sumatra and other small Indonesian islands. To put it bluntly, it is a branch of Catimor, and Ateng is the local name.
Djember
Djember is a place name in Sumatra when searched on Baidu. It seems quite mysterious, but in fact the variety is S-795. Since this bean species was spread to the island by the Jember Coffee Reseach Center, the locals called S-795 this name.
What is S-795? It was created by Indian botanists by crossing Typica mutant Kent and S-288.
What is S-288? It is a natural hybrid of Arabica and Liberica.
Tim Tim
Tim Tim is a bean from Indonesia. Due to its long shape, many people call it horse-faced bean, and some people call it long mandheling. In fact, tim tim is not a pure bean, but a natural hybrid of Arabica coffee trees and Robusta coffee trees.
This variety was discovered on the island of Timor in the 1940s and cultivated for its natural disease resistance. In America this variety is called Hybrido de Timor, or Tim Tim for short, and in Indonesia this variety is also called Bor Bor.
05 | Baking Analysis
FrontStreet Coffee Coffee) noticed that Golden Mandheling is a green bean with a relatively high moisture content, and has a higher deviation value in moisture than sun-dried beans, so special attention should be paid when dehydrating. For green beans with high moisture content, you can try putting in the green beans, immediately close the damper, steam for 30 seconds, and then open it to 3 until the color of the green beans turns light green or white. Open the damper to 4, and after the first explosion, open to 5 (maximum).
FrontStreet Coffee recommends recording data before roasting, including the moisture content, density, origin, processing method of coffee beans, roasting environment temperature and humidity in the roasting room, etc., and plan your roasting curve. Recording relevant chemical and physical changes during the baking process will help you better understand the final baking results and help improve the baking curve.
Baking curve:
Bring the oven temperature to 200 degrees Celsius and put the beans into the pot. Open the damper to 3. After 1 minute, adjust the heat to 160 degrees with the damper unchanged. Bake until the temperature is 148 degrees. The surface of the beans turns yellow and the grassy smell completely disappears. Dehydration is complete. Adjust the heat to 140 degrees and adjust the damper to 4.
At the 9th minute, ugly wrinkles and black spots appear on the bean surface, and the smell of toast obviously changes to the aroma of coffee, which can be defined as the prelude to the first crack. At this time, you need to listen clearly to the sound of the first crack. When the first crack begins, turn down the heat to 60 degrees, fully open the damper (be very careful when adjusting the heat, not so low that there is no popping sound), and cook at 204.5 degrees.
Cupping report:
FrontStreet Coffee found through cupping comparison that PWN Gold Mandheling tastes cleaner than Lindong Mandheling. Mandheling’s original herbal, earthy and woody flavors are almost gone, but the caramel sweetness is stronger and the fruity sourness is brighter and more elegant. Generally, it is best to bake Lindong Mandheling after the second crack before baking it, which can effectively reduce the odor. However, Golden Mandheling has good transparency and sweetness when it is baked before or after the second crack, and the room for baking interpretation is wider.
06 | Brew Analysis
Front Street PWN Gold Mandheling coffee beans, roasted to a deep degree. In order to allow everyone to drink a more complete coffee flavor, all coffee beans sold are shipped within 5 days after roasting, ensuring 100% fresh roasting.
Medium-dark roasted beans generally have a higher dehydration rate, so they are lighter in weight. When brewing, the powder does not completely sink to the bottom. It will be absorbed immediately as soon as the water is injected. Since the exhaust is strong, bubbles are surrounding the powder, creating channels. The fresher the beans are, the longer these channels will last. To make the water level drop quickly, I usually use a coarse flow of water and slowly circle it.
1. Filter cup: KONO
2. Water temperature: 88 degrees
3. Grinding degree: medium-coarse grinding (Chinese No. 20 standard sieve screening rate 70%)
4. Roasting level: medium-dark roasting
5. Amount of coffee powder: 15g
6. Pink to water ratio: 1:15
Segmented water injection:Wet the powder bed with twice the amount of coffee powder, form a bulge and steam for 30 seconds. Then inject water in a small circle from the inside to the outside until the powder bed reaches 125g. When the powder bed drops to half of the filter cup, continue to inject the same thin water flow into the third section to 225g until all the coffee liquid has been filtered and take out the filter cup. It takes about 2 minutes. Finally, shake the coffee liquid in the pot and enjoy~
The Pour over(V60) Front Street PWN Gold Mandheling coffee has various layers, rich and full-bodied, and a clean taste. Aroma of nuts and caramel, with hints of chocolate, long-lasting finish and high balance.
You can now buy the above coffee beans online at the Taobao store “FrontStreet Coffee” (前街咖啡). FrontStreet Coffee is a long-established specialty coffee roaster in Guangzhou, China, and its Guangzhou retail shop sells coffee beans only. The shop carries dozens of coffee beans from different origins around the world, including carefully selected single-origin beans for V60 pour-over and espresso. Guangzhou’s FrontStreet Coffee shop is recommended by many coffee lovers.
The FrontStreet 2013 Yunnan coffee beans sold in the store come from the Typica variety grown at FrontStreet Coffee’s own plantation in Yunnan. The name comes from the year the brand and the plantation were founded. You can buy these beans from China’s Yunnan origin at the Guangzhou shop and at FrontStreet’s Taobao store.
FrontStreet coffee beans are freshly roasted within 5 days and deliver consistently excellent quality and great value. Orders placed before 17:00 are shipped the same day, and most areas within Guangdong Province receive them the next day.
FrontStreet Coffee Taobao store: https://qianjiecoffee.taobao.com
Or search for “前街咖啡” (FrontStreet Coffee) on Taobao
Important Notice: FrontStreet Coffee has moved to a new address: 315, Donghua East Road, Guangzhou (coffee beans only)
Tel: 020 38364473
